Scientists I
What is fluorescence?
In the second room, invisible chalk on the blackboard became visible only under UV light. This effect relies on the physics of light.
Light comes in many wavelengths, but only a certain range is visible to the human eye. Ultraviolet (UV) light has shorter wavelengths that we cannot see. Fluorescence happens when an atom absorbs energy in the form of light and emits a photon of a different wavelength (see also the puzzle Lipsticks).
In this puzzle, the atoms of an "invisible" ink absorbed the ultraviolet radiation of the flashlight, and emitted visible purple light, allowing you to see the hidden numbers.
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More Information
Fluorescence:Wikipedia